A floristic study based on epilithic samples collected from Bolivian cloud forest streams yielded a total of 172 taxa, 41 of which were new or could not be determined based on available literature. Five new taxa at the species and form levels (Gomphonema andinum, G. pumilum var. elegans f. biseriatum, G. pumilum var. rigidum f. biseriatum, Nitzschia boliviana, and N. soratensis) and two new combinations (Pseudostaurosira laucencis and Ulnaria contracta) are presented. Undetermined taxa are only listed herein and a more detailed study will be presented at a later date. The large number of taxa found in only a few samples suggests the Bolivian cloud forests may be a hot spot for epilithic diatom diversity. The use of combined light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data is of prime importance in the study of this diversity.